Scheduled MonumentsWalesClydach Upper Forge
Post Medieval/Modern · Iron forge

Clydach Upper Forge

Wales
Cadw SAM GM497
Period
Post Medieval/Modern
Site type
Iron forge
Broad class
Industrial
Nation
Wales
The designation
Reference
Cadw SAM GM497
Authority
Cadw
Designated
1997-02-21
Boundary

Scheduled area

© Mapbox · © OpenStreetMap contributors · Boundary data © Cadw

Overview

History & significance

Clydach Upper Forge is a post-medieval and modern iron forge located in Wales, protected as a scheduled monument by Cadw (reference GM497). The site exploits the rich mineral resources of the South Wales Upper Coal Measures Formation, which underlies the landscape and provided both the coal fuel and ironstone ore essential to iron production. This geological sequence, formed during the Westphalian period, comprises mudstone, siltstone, sandstone, coal seams and ironstone bands, along with ferricrete deposits that accumulated from iron-rich weathering.

The forge represents the industrial development of South Wales during a period when the region's coalfield resources became increasingly valuable for metal manufacturing. Iron forges of this type were typically powered by water or steam, and positioned to capitalise on accessible fuel sources and raw materials. The Upper Coal Measures geology provided everything needed on or near the site: coal for heating, ironstone for smelting and the supporting sedimentary layers that formed the local terrain.

Today, Clydach Upper Forge survives as evidence of Wales' industrial heritage and the exploitation of its mineral wealth. The monument's protected status recognises its importance to understanding post-medieval and modern manufacturing in South Wales, a landscape fundamentally shaped by the interaction between geology, resources and industrial enterprise.

Clydach Upper Forge is a scheduled monument protected by Cadw under reference GM497. View the official record →

About this monument

Questions & answers

What is Clydach Upper Forge?

Clydach Upper Forge is a post-medieval and modern iron forge located in Wales, protected as a scheduled monument by Cadw (reference GM497).

What period does Clydach Upper Forge date from?

Clydach Upper Forge dates from the post medieval/modern period, and is classified as a iron forge. It is one of over 32,000 scheduled monuments protected across the UK.

Who is responsible for protecting Clydach Upper Forge?

Clydach Upper Forge is a Scheduled Ancient Monument, legally protected by Cadw — the body responsible for designating and safeguarding heritage sites in Wales. The official designation reference is GM497.

What other scheduled monuments are near Clydach Upper Forge?

Several scheduled monuments lie within 10 km, including Earthwork on Kilvey Hill (7.3 km), Crymlyn Bog Second World War Barrage Balloon Site (7.4 km), Hafod Copper Works Musgrave Engine and Rolls (7.4 km).

Unlimited access

Everything a full report reveals about Clydach Upper Forge

This page is just one thread. A full Aubrey report pulls together 13 strands of Clydach Upper Forge's history, each drawn from the record and mapped to the exact spot:

Overview
An interactive map of the location with every monument and battle plotted, and a plain-language history built only from what the record holds.
Monuments
The legally protected scheduled monuments around the location, each with its period, type and significance.
Battlefields
The battles and sieges fought on this ground, mapped and set on a timeline of the wider conflict.
Roman Britain
The Roman roads, forts and towns near here, and the Iron Age people who held the land before Rome arrived.
Civil War
The Civil War fighting, garrisons and recorded militaria in this area, woven into the arc of 1642 to 1651.
Geology
The bedrock beneath the site, its age and rock type, reaching back hundreds of millions of years.
Local Names
What the street and field names around here actually mean, and the history buried inside them.
Historical Maps
Ordnance Survey maps from the 1800s, layered over the location as it stands today.
Literature
The books, county histories, charters and archives that mention this place, quoted with their sources.
Legal
The protected sites nearby and the metal-detecting, access and treasure laws that apply to this ground.
Spotlight
A deep dive into the most remarkable, lesser-known history of the place, traced back to the record.
Target Zones
For detectorists: the most promising ground to search nearby, ranked by confidence, with what to expect.
Timeline
The whole story of the location told era by era, from prehistory to the present day.
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The ground beneath

The bedrock under Clydach Upper Forge

Clydach Upper Forge stands on South Wales Upper Coal Measures Formation, bedrock that formed in the Westphalian. The rock here is mudstone, siltstone, sandstone, coal, ironstone and ferricrete.