Scheduled MonumentsWalesGelligaer Common Roman Road
Roman · Road

Gelligaer Common Roman Road

Wales
Cadw SAM GM556
Period
Roman
Site type
Road
Broad class
Transport
Nation
Wales
The designation
Reference
Cadw SAM GM556
Authority
Cadw
Designated
2003-01-20
Boundary

Scheduled area

© Mapbox · © OpenStreetMap contributors · Boundary data © Cadw

Overview

History & significance

Gelligaer Common Roman Road is a Roman road located in Wales, protected by Cadw as a scheduled monument under reference GM556. The road forms part of the extensive network of Roman military and civilian routes that connected garrisons and settlements across the Welsh frontier during the Roman occupation of Britain. Like other roads of its period, it would have served to facilitate troop movement, supply lines and communication across challenging terrain.

The route crosses geology formed during the Westphalian period, with the underlying bedrock consisting of the South Wales Upper Coal Measures Formation. This comprises mudstone, siltstone, sandstone interbedded with coal seams, ironstone and ferricrete deposits. Such variable and often unstable ground would have presented considerable engineering challenges to Roman road builders, who nevertheless constructed a durable surface capable of withstanding heavy military traffic and the region's substantial rainfall.

The road remains an important archaeological resource for understanding Roman frontier infrastructure and engineering responses to upland Welsh conditions. Its survival on Gelligaer Common, largely undisturbed by modern development, preserves evidence of Roman construction techniques adapted to the specific landscape and geology of this part of South Wales.

Gelligaer Common Roman Road is a scheduled monument protected by Cadw under reference GM556. View the official record →

About this monument

Questions & answers

What is Gelligaer Common Roman Road?

Gelligaer Common Roman Road is a Roman road located in Wales, protected by Cadw as a scheduled monument under reference GM556.

What period does Gelligaer Common Roman Road date from?

Gelligaer Common Roman Road dates from the roman period, and is classified as a road. It is one of over 32,000 scheduled monuments protected across the UK.

Who is responsible for protecting Gelligaer Common Roman Road?

Gelligaer Common Roman Road is a Scheduled Ancient Monument, legally protected by Cadw — the body responsible for designating and safeguarding heritage sites in Wales. The official designation reference is GM556.

What other scheduled monuments are near Gelligaer Common Roman Road?

Several scheduled monuments lie within 10 km, including Cefn Merthyr Round Cairns (4 km), Coed Cae Round Cairns (4 km), Tir Lan round barrow cemetery (4.5 km).

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Everything a full report reveals about Gelligaer Common Roman Road

This page is just one thread. A full Aubrey report pulls together 13 strands of Gelligaer Common Roman Road's history, each drawn from the record and mapped to the exact spot:

Overview
An interactive map of the location with every monument and battle plotted, and a plain-language history built only from what the record holds.
Monuments
The legally protected scheduled monuments around the location, each with its period, type and significance.
Battlefields
The battles and sieges fought on this ground, mapped and set on a timeline of the wider conflict.
Roman Britain
The Roman roads, forts and towns near here, and the Iron Age people who held the land before Rome arrived.
Civil War
The Civil War fighting, garrisons and recorded militaria in this area, woven into the arc of 1642 to 1651.
Geology
The bedrock beneath the site, its age and rock type, reaching back hundreds of millions of years.
Local Names
What the street and field names around here actually mean, and the history buried inside them.
Historical Maps
Ordnance Survey maps from the 1800s, layered over the location as it stands today.
Literature
The books, county histories, charters and archives that mention this place, quoted with their sources.
Legal
The protected sites nearby and the metal-detecting, access and treasure laws that apply to this ground.
Spotlight
A deep dive into the most remarkable, lesser-known history of the place, traced back to the record.
Target Zones
For detectorists: the most promising ground to search nearby, ranked by confidence, with what to expect.
Timeline
The whole story of the location told era by era, from prehistory to the present day.
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The ground beneath

The bedrock under Gelligaer Common Roman Road

Gelligaer Common Roman Road stands on South Wales Upper Coal Measures Formation, bedrock that formed in the Westphalian. The rock here is mudstone, siltstone, sandstone, coal, ironstone and ferricrete.