Scheduled MonumentsWalesPen Clawdd-Mawr Defended Enclosure
Prehistoric · Promontory Fort - inland

Pen Clawdd-Mawr Defended Enclosure

Ceredigion, Wales
Cadw SAM CD262
Period
Prehistoric
Site type
Promontory Fort - inland
Broad class
Defence
Nation
Wales
The designation
Reference
Cadw SAM CD262
Authority
Cadw
Designated
2008-01-14
Boundary

Scheduled area

© Mapbox · © OpenStreetMap contributors · Boundary data © Cadw

Overview

History & significance

Pen Clawdd-Mawr Defended Enclosure is a prehistoric promontory fort situated in Wales, protected as a scheduled monument under Cadw reference CD262. The site exploits a natural rocky outcrop, with defences constructed to command the landscape from an elevated position. The underlying bedrock comprises Llandovery rocks of undifferentiated mudstone, siltstone and sandstone, formed during the Llandovery period and providing the natural stone foundation upon which the fort's ramparts were built.

The enclosure represents a type of Iron Age settlement strategy, where naturally defensible promontories were selected and enhanced with artificial barriers. The fort's location inland, rather than coastal, suggests its primary function was territorial control and protection of settlement and resources rather than maritime defence. The geology of the site—fractured and exposed Llandovery strata—would have provided both ready building material and natural obstacles to attackers.

Today the monument preserves evidence of prehistoric settlement patterns and defensive engineering techniques. The promontory's elevated position and rocky foundation remain substantially intact, allowing visitors to appreciate both the natural advantages exploited by its Iron Age builders and the scale of labour involved in constructing barriers across such challenging terrain.

Pen Clawdd-Mawr Defended Enclosure is a scheduled monument protected by Cadw under reference CD262. View the official record →

About this monument

Questions & answers

What is Pen Clawdd-Mawr Defended Enclosure?

Pen Clawdd-Mawr Defended Enclosure is a prehistoric promontory fort situated in Wales, protected as a scheduled monument under Cadw reference CD262.

What period does Pen Clawdd-Mawr Defended Enclosure date from?

Pen Clawdd-Mawr Defended Enclosure dates from the prehistoric period, and is classified as a promontory fort - inland. It is one of over 32,000 scheduled monuments protected across the UK.

Who is responsible for protecting Pen Clawdd-Mawr Defended Enclosure?

Pen Clawdd-Mawr Defended Enclosure is a Scheduled Ancient Monument, legally protected by Cadw — the body responsible for designating and safeguarding heritage sites in Wales. The official designation reference is CD262.

What other scheduled monuments are near Pen Clawdd-Mawr Defended Enclosure?

Several scheduled monuments lie within 10 km, including Castell Cwmere (2.4 km), Cribyn Clottas (4.3 km), Sculptured Stone in Church (4.4 km).

Unlimited access

Everything a full report reveals about Pen Clawdd-Mawr Defended Enclosure

This page is just one thread. A full Aubrey report pulls together 13 strands of Pen Clawdd-Mawr Defended Enclosure's history, each drawn from the record and mapped to the exact spot:

Overview
An interactive map of the location with every monument and battle plotted, and a plain-language history built only from what the record holds.
Monuments
The legally protected scheduled monuments around the location, each with its period, type and significance.
Battlefields
The battles and sieges fought on this ground, mapped and set on a timeline of the wider conflict.
Roman Britain
The Roman roads, forts and towns near here, and the Iron Age people who held the land before Rome arrived.
Civil War
The Civil War fighting, garrisons and recorded militaria in this area, woven into the arc of 1642 to 1651.
Geology
The bedrock beneath the site, its age and rock type, reaching back hundreds of millions of years.
Local Names
What the street and field names around here actually mean, and the history buried inside them.
Historical Maps
Ordnance Survey maps from the 1800s, layered over the location as it stands today.
Literature
The books, county histories, charters and archives that mention this place, quoted with their sources.
Legal
The protected sites nearby and the metal-detecting, access and treasure laws that apply to this ground.
Spotlight
A deep dive into the most remarkable, lesser-known history of the place, traced back to the record.
Target Zones
For detectorists: the most promising ground to search nearby, ranked by confidence, with what to expect.
Timeline
The whole story of the location told era by era, from prehistory to the present day.
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The ground beneath

The bedrock under Pen Clawdd-Mawr Defended Enclosure

Pen Clawdd-Mawr Defended Enclosure stands on Llandovery Rocks (Undifferentiated), bedrock that formed in the Llandovery. The rock here is mudstone, siltstone and sandstone.