Scheduled MonumentsWalesPen y Bannau Camp
Prehistoric · Hillfort

Pen y Bannau Camp

Ceredigion, Wales
Cadw SAM CD109
Period
Prehistoric
Site type
Hillfort
Broad class
Defence
Nation
Wales
The designation
Reference
Cadw SAM CD109
Authority
Cadw
Designated
1949-09-22
Boundary

Scheduled area

© Mapbox · © OpenStreetMap contributors · Boundary data © Cadw

Overview

History & significance

Pen y Bannau Camp is a prehistoric hillfort situated in Wales on bedrock of Llandovery age mudstone, siltstone and sandstone. The monument is protected by Cadw, the Welsh Historic Monuments service, under reference CD109. Hillforts of this type typically date to the Iron Age, serving as fortified settlements that commanded strategic positions across the landscape. Their elevated locations afforded both defensive advantage and visibility across surrounding territories.

The geological foundation of Llandovery rocks would have presented particular challenges and opportunities to Iron Age communities. The relatively soft mudstone and siltstone bedrock, interspersed with sandstone bands, required constructive adaptation for rampart construction. Communities occupying the site would have exploited local stone and earthwork resources available in their immediate landscape to construct defensive structures and domestic enclosures.

Pen y Bannau Camp preserves evidence of prehistoric occupation and settlement patterns within its landscape context. The site's location reflects Iron Age understanding of territorial control and resource management in Wales. As a scheduled monument, the hillfort remains an important archaeological resource, contributing to broader understanding of prehistoric Welsh settlement hierarchies and the adaptation of communities to their local geology and terrain.

Pen y Bannau Camp is a scheduled monument protected by Cadw under reference CD109. View the official record →

About this monument

Questions & answers

What is Pen y Bannau Camp?

Pen y Bannau Camp is a prehistoric hillfort situated in Wales on bedrock of Llandovery age mudstone, siltstone and sandstone. It is designated a Scheduled Ancient Monument by Cadw under reference CD109.

What period does Pen y Bannau Camp date from?

Pen y Bannau Camp dates from the prehistoric period, and is classified as a hillfort. It is one of over 32,000 scheduled monuments protected across the UK.

Who is responsible for protecting Pen y Bannau Camp?

Pen y Bannau Camp is a Scheduled Ancient Monument, legally protected by Cadw — the body responsible for designating and safeguarding heritage sites in Wales. The official designation reference is CD109.

What other scheduled monuments are near Pen y Bannau Camp?

Several scheduled monuments lie within 10 km, including Bryngwyn Bach Round Cairn Cemetery (4.2 km), Carn Fflur Round Cairn Cemetery (4.6 km), Garn Gron Round Cairn Cemetery (5.8 km).

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Everything a full report reveals about Pen y Bannau Camp

This page is just one thread. A full Aubrey report pulls together 13 strands of Pen y Bannau Camp's history, each drawn from the record and mapped to the exact spot:

Overview
An interactive map of the location with every monument and battle plotted, and a plain-language history built only from what the record holds.
Monuments
The legally protected scheduled monuments around the location, each with its period, type and significance.
Battlefields
The battles and sieges fought on this ground, mapped and set on a timeline of the wider conflict.
Roman Britain
The Roman roads, forts and towns near here, and the Iron Age people who held the land before Rome arrived.
Civil War
The Civil War fighting, garrisons and recorded militaria in this area, woven into the arc of 1642 to 1651.
Geology
The bedrock beneath the site, its age and rock type, reaching back hundreds of millions of years.
Local Names
What the street and field names around here actually mean, and the history buried inside them.
Historical Maps
Ordnance Survey maps from the 1800s, layered over the location as it stands today.
Literature
The books, county histories, charters and archives that mention this place, quoted with their sources.
Legal
The protected sites nearby and the metal-detecting, access and treasure laws that apply to this ground.
Spotlight
A deep dive into the most remarkable, lesser-known history of the place, traced back to the record.
Target Zones
For detectorists: the most promising ground to search nearby, ranked by confidence, with what to expect.
Timeline
The whole story of the location told era by era, from prehistory to the present day.
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The ground beneath

The bedrock under Pen y Bannau Camp

Pen y Bannau Camp stands on Llandovery Rocks (Undifferentiated), bedrock that formed in the Llandovery. The rock here is mudstone, siltstone and sandstone.