Scheduled MonumentsScotlandThe Mount, motte-and-bailey castle
Medieval · Motte-and-bailey castle

The Mount, motte-and-bailey castle

Scotland
HES SM386
Period
Medieval
Site type
Motte-and-bailey castle
Nation
Scotland
Boundary

Scheduled area

© Mapbox · © OpenStreetMap contributors · Boundary data © Historic Environment Scotland

Overview

History & significance

The Mount is a motte-and-bailey castle situated in Berwickshire, Scotland. The monument comprises an earthwork fortification typical of the post-Conquest period, with a raised mound serving as a defensive strongpoint. The site exploits the local geology to advantage: the underlying Inverclyde Group sandstones, siltstones and mudstones, formed during the Osagean period, provide a naturally well-drained foundation. This geology has allowed the earthwork to survive largely uncompromised by subsidence or waterlogging that affects mottes built on less stable substrates.

Motte-and-bailey castles were rapid, economical fortifications established across Britain and beyond following 1066. The motte formed a defensible refuge whilst the bailey, the adjacent enclosed yard, provided space for administrative and domestic buildings. The Mount's position in Berwickshire places it within a significant border landscape, where such fortifications served to consolidate and project authority.

The monument is protected by Historic Environment Scotland as a scheduled ancient monument under reference SM386, recognising its archaeological significance and contribution to understanding medieval settlement and military strategy in the Scottish Borders region.

The Mount, motte-and-bailey castle is a scheduled monument protected by Historic Environment Scotland under reference SM386. View the official record →

About this monument

Questions & answers

What is The Mount, motte-and-bailey castle?

The Mount is a motte-and-bailey castle situated in Berwickshire, Scotland. It is designated a Scheduled Ancient Monument by Historic Environment Scotland under reference SM386.

What period does The Mount, motte-and-bailey castle date from?

The Mount, motte-and-bailey castle dates from the medieval period, and is classified as a motte-and-bailey castle. It is one of over 32,000 scheduled monuments protected across the UK.

Who is responsible for protecting The Mount, motte-and-bailey castle?

The Mount, motte-and-bailey castle is a Scheduled Ancient Monument, legally protected by Historic Environment Scotland — the body responsible for designating and safeguarding heritage sites in Scotland. The official designation reference is SM386.

What other scheduled monuments are near The Mount, motte-and-bailey castle?

Several scheduled monuments lie within 10 km, including Homebank,enclosure 1100m ENE of (1.9 km), Homebank,ring-ditch 1500m E of (2.2 km), St Giles's medieval chapel and burial ground, Wark on Tweed (3.1 km).

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Everything a full report reveals about The Mount, motte-and-bailey castle

This page is just one thread. A full Aubrey report pulls together 14 strands of The Mount, motte-and-bailey castle's history, each drawn from the record and mapped to the exact spot:

Overview
An interactive map of the location with every monument and battle plotted, and a plain-language history built only from what the record holds.
Monuments
The legally protected scheduled monuments around the location, each with its period, type and significance.
Battlefields
The battles and sieges fought on this ground, mapped and set on a timeline of the wider conflict.
Roman Britain
The Roman roads, forts and towns near here, and the Iron Age people who held the land before Rome arrived.
Stat Accounts
The parish Statistical Accounts of the 1790s and 1830s, describing life, work and population here.
Civil War
The Civil War fighting, garrisons and recorded militaria in this area, woven into the arc of 1642 to 1651.
Geology
The bedrock beneath the site, its age and rock type, reaching back hundreds of millions of years.
Local Names
What the street and field names around here actually mean, and the history buried inside them.
Historical Maps
Ordnance Survey maps from the 1800s, layered over the location as it stands today.
Literature
The books, county histories, charters and archives that mention this place, quoted with their sources.
Legal
The protected sites nearby and the metal-detecting, access and treasure laws that apply to this ground.
Spotlight
A deep dive into the most remarkable, lesser-known history of the place, traced back to the record.
Target Zones
For detectorists: the most promising ground to search nearby, ranked by confidence, with what to expect.
Timeline
The whole story of the location told era by era, from prehistory to the present day.
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The ground beneath

The bedrock under The Mount, motte-and-bailey castle

The Mount, motte-and-bailey castle stands on Inverclyde Group, bedrock that formed in the Osagean. The rock here is sandstone, siltstone and mudstone.