Roman BritainSegontium
Roman Fort · Military

Segontium

Roman Britain
Pleiades ID: 79678
Site type
Fort
Category
Military
Latitude
53.1372
Longitude
-4.2658
Overview

History & context

Segontium was a Roman auxiliary fort on the hill above the Seiont estuary at modern Caernarfon, founded by Agricola around AD 77 during the conquest of north Wales and the subjugation of the Ordovices. It was a standard-sized auxiliary fort of roughly 2.3 hectares, garrisoned by a cohors of around 500 men, and remained occupied into the later 4th century — exceptionally long for a Welsh fort — with coin evidence suggesting activity to around AD 394, though structural reorganisation around 338 marks the conventional end of regular occupation.

Source: Pleiades — A Community-Built Gazetteer and Graph of Ancient Places. View the Pleiades record →

Significance

Historical significance

Segontium was the principal Roman military base in north-west Wales, controlling the Menai Strait, the approaches to Anglesey, and the coastal route, and serving as an administrative and supply hub for the region's wider network of forts and the copper and lead workings of Snowdonia and Anglesey. Its longevity makes it one of the few Welsh forts retained through the late Roman period, likely as part of the coastal defensive system against Irish raiding.

Archaeology

Archaeological record

The fort was extensively excavated by R.E.M. Wheeler in 1921–23, revealing a sequence of timber and stone phases including barracks, principia, praetorium, and granaries, with later modifications including a Christian-period structure interpreted by some as a church. Finds include a notable Mithraeum located outside the fort (excavated 1959), inscriptions, coinage span

About this site

Questions & answers

What is Segontium?

Segontium was a Roman auxiliary fort on the hill above the Seiont estuary at modern Caernarfon, founded by Agricola around AD 77 during the conquest of north Wales and the subjugation of the Ordovices. It is recorded in the Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places as a fort site from the Roman period in Britain.

What type of Roman site is Segontium?

Segontium is classified as a Roman fort — a military site in the Pleiades ancient world gazetteer. Roman Britain's archaeology encompasses thousands of sites ranging from legionary fortresses and marching camps to villas, temples and towns.

What other Roman sites are near Segontium?

Several Roman sites lie within a short distance, including Segontium: Roman Bath House (0.1 km), Mithraeum at Segontium (0.2 km), Pen Llystyn (17.4 km). Aubrey Research maps over 2,200 Roman sites across Britain, drawn from the Pleiades ancient world gazetteer.

How can I research the history of the area around Segontium?

Aubrey Research generates detailed historical reports for any location in Britain, incorporating Roman heritage, Domesday Book records, scheduled monument data, archaeological finds and much more. Enter a nearby address to begin.

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