Kenneth Mackenzie of Kintail purchased the Fife Adventurers' rights to Lewis in 1610 and backed the purchase with Mackenzie military force. The Lewis MacLeods — who had defeated three Lowland expedition — could not resist the Mackenzies' combination of legitimate crown authority, geographic proximity, and military competence. A Mackenzie force occupied Stornoway and the main Lewis settlements, displacing the MacLeod holders. The Mackenzie acquisition of Lewis completed their transformation from a modest Ross-shire clan into the dominant power of the northern Highlands and Outer Hebrides.
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