Byland was the last major engagement of the First Scottish War of Independence before the truce that led to the Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton. Edward II had invaded Scotland for the third time and was retreating through Yorkshire when Bruce cut off his retreat near Rievaulx Abbey. Scottish forces, under Douglas and Randolph, scaled a steep hillside held by the English rearguard and routed them. Edward was at dinner in Rievaulx and barely escaped. The Earl of Richmond was captured. The humiliation was absolute. Edward II never invaded Scotland again. The truce followed within a year.
English force destroyed; Earl of Richmond and other commanders captured
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