BattlefieldsSiege of Arundel Castle 1139 — The Anarchy
Medieval

Siege of Arundel Castle 1139 — The Anarchy

1139
West Sussex, England
Also known as: Arundel 1139 Anarchy · Empress Matilda lands at Arundel
Era
Medieval
Battle Type
Siege
Location
West Sussex, England
Status
Unregistered
The Combatants

Who Fought

Defeated
Empress Matilda (forced to move on)
Forces
Matilda c.300–500; siege.
VS
Victor
King Stephen (nominal)
Forces
Stephen c.1,500–2,500
Outcome
Empress Matilda landed at Arundel; Stephen besieged the castle but controversially allowed her free passage to Bristol
The Battle

History & Significance

Empress Matilda landed at Arundel in September 1139 and was received by Queen Adeliza (widow of Henry I). Stephen besieged the castle but then made the chivalric — or strategically disastrous — decision to allow Matilda safe conduct to Bristol, where she had strong support. This moment is seen as a crucial blunder by Stephen that allowed the civil war of the Anarchy to continue. Why Stephen let Matilda go is still debated: chivalry, over-confidence, or political calculation.

Questions & Answers

Frequently Asked Questions

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