The final fall of Scarborough Castle in July 1645 after a twelve-month siege was a significant step in Parliament's consolidation of Yorkshire. Sir Hugh Cholmley had defected from Parliament to the King in 1643, handing over Scarborough. Parliamentary naval vessels blockaded the port while land forces besieged by land. The great keep — one of the most formidable in northern England — was damaged by artillery bombardment. Cholmley surrendered on honourable terms.
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