Edgar Atheling, the last member of the old English royal house, fled to Scotland with his sisters including Margaret after a failed attempt to resist William the Conqueror. Malcolm III welcomed them and married Margaret -- the woman who would be canonised as Scotland's patron saint. The sheltering of the English refugees was a political act with long-term consequences: it gave Malcolm a claim to intervene in English affairs as protector of the old royal line, contributing to his later invasions of England.
The size of the opposing forces is not recorded in the surviving sources.
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