On 5–6 December 1745, the Jacobite army reached Derby — the furthest south any Jacobite force penetrated in Britain. London was in panic: the Bank of England paid out in sixpences to slow withdrawals. But at a council of war, Lord George Murray and the Jacobite chiefs voted to retreat — the promised English support had not materialised, and Cumberland's army blocked the south while Wade's blocked the north. Charles was furious but overruled. He never recovered his spirits. The retreat from Derby is the turning point of the '45.
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