Scheduled MonumentsEnglandOxford city walls

Oxford city walls

England
List entry 1003648
Nation
England
The designation
Reference
List entry 1003648
Authority
Historic England (NHLE)
Status
Scheduled Monument
Scheduled area
0.11 hectares
Grid reference
SP 51799 06045, SP 51156 05983, SP 51262 05951, SP 51823 06455, SP 51676 06473, SP 51070 06290, SP 51321 06397, SP 51618 05987, SP 51636 06490, SP 51205 05966
Boundary

Scheduled area

© Mapbox · © OpenStreetMap contributors · Boundary data © Historic England (NHLE)

Overview

History & significance

Oxford city walls are a scheduled ancient monument comprising the defensive fortifications that once enclosed the medieval city of Oxford. The walls were substantially constructed during the late Saxon period, with major development and reinforcement occurring in the Norman and medieval periods, particularly from the eleventh century onwards. Fragmentary sections of the original stone walls survive today, incorporated into later buildings and streetscapes, including notable portions near the city gates and along the eastern perimeter. These fortifications served to protect the growing settlement during a period of increasing urbanisation and strategic importance, though much of the original circuit has been lost to urban development over subsequent centuries.

Oxford city walls is a scheduled monument protected by Historic England under reference 1003648. View the official record →

About this monument

Questions & answers

What is Oxford city walls?

Oxford city walls are a scheduled ancient monument comprising the defensive fortifications that once enclosed the medieval city of Oxford.

Who is responsible for protecting Oxford city walls?

Oxford city walls is a Scheduled Ancient Monument, legally protected by Historic England (NHLE) — the body responsible for designating and safeguarding heritage sites in England. The official designation reference is 1003648.

What other scheduled monuments are near Oxford city walls?

Several scheduled monuments lie within 10 km, including Romano-British pottery site, prehistoric ring-ditches and enclosures, including medieval ridge and furrow, Lower Farm, Nuneham Courtenay (6.3 km), Garsington village cross (7.4 km), Settlement site E of Goose Acre Farm (8.1 km).

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Everything a full report reveals about Oxford city walls

This page is just one thread. A full Aubrey report pulls together 15 strands of Oxford city walls's history, each drawn from the record and mapped to the exact spot:

Overview
An interactive map of the location with every monument and battle plotted, and a plain-language history built only from what the record holds.
Monuments
The legally protected scheduled monuments around the location, each with its period, type and significance.
Battlefields
The battles and sieges fought on this ground, mapped and set on a timeline of the wider conflict.
Roman Britain
The Roman roads, forts and towns near here, and the Iron Age people who held the land before Rome arrived.
Domesday
The settlement's entry in the 1086 Domesday Book: who held it, what it was worth, and the people who worked the land.
Civil War
The Civil War fighting, garrisons and recorded militaria in this area, woven into the arc of 1642 to 1651.
Geology
The bedrock beneath the site, its age and rock type, reaching back hundreds of millions of years.
LiDAR
Laser-scanned terrain that reveals earthworks hidden under fields and woodland, with likely features flagged.
Local Names
What the street and field names around here actually mean, and the history buried inside them.
Historical Maps
Ordnance Survey maps from the 1800s, layered over the location as it stands today.
Literature
The books, county histories, charters and archives that mention this place, quoted with their sources.
Legal
The protected sites nearby and the metal-detecting, access and treasure laws that apply to this ground.
Spotlight
A deep dive into the most remarkable, lesser-known history of the place, traced back to the record.
Target Zones
For detectorists: the most promising ground to search nearby, ranked by confidence, with what to expect.
Timeline
The whole story of the location told era by era, from prehistory to the present day.
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The ground beneath

The bedrock under Oxford city walls

Oxford city walls stands on Kellaways Formation And Oxford Clay Formation (Undifferentiated), bedrock that formed in the Oxfordian. The rock here is mudstone, siltstone and sandstone.