Scheduled MonumentsWalesPaviland Cave
Prehistoric · Cave

Paviland Cave

Wales
Cadw SAM GM504
Period
Prehistoric
Site type
Cave
Broad class
Monument
Nation
Wales
Boundary

Scheduled area

© Mapbox · © OpenStreetMap contributors · Boundary data © Cadw

Overview

History & significance

Paviland Cave is a limestone cave located in the Gower Peninsula, Swansea, Wales, and represents one of the most significant Upper Palaeolithic burial sites in Britain. The cave is best known for the interment of an adult human skeleton, discovered in 1823 and popularly known as the "Red Lady of Paviland," which dates to approximately 33,000 years before present and is among the earliest known deliberate burials in western Europe. The skeleton, which was in fact male, was found associated with ochre and other grave goods including ivory ornaments and marine shells, indicating ritual burial practice during the Late Pleistocene period. The cave itself demonstrates extensive evidence of human occupation and activity, making it a crucial archaeological site for understanding Palaeolithic settlement patterns and funerary practices in prehistoric Britain.

Paviland Cave is a scheduled monument protected by Cadw under reference GM504. View the official record →

About this monument

Questions & answers

What is Paviland Cave?

Paviland Cave is a limestone cave located in the Gower Peninsula, Swansea, Wales, and represents one of the most significant Upper Palaeolithic burial sites in Britain. It is designated a Scheduled Ancient Monument by Cadw under reference GM504.

What period does Paviland Cave date from?

Paviland Cave dates from the prehistoric period, and is classified as a cave. It is one of over 32,000 scheduled monuments protected across the UK.

Who is responsible for protecting Paviland Cave?

Paviland Cave is a Scheduled Ancient Monument, legally protected by Cadw — the body responsible for designating and safeguarding heritage sites in Wales. The official designation reference is GM504.

What other scheduled monuments are near Paviland Cave?

Several scheduled monuments lie within 10 km, including Paviland Camp (0.1 km), Horse Cliff Camp (0.3 km), Cave 40m SE of Deborah's Hole (0.5 km).

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