Scheduled MonumentsWalesPenarth Churchyard Cross (Now in St Augustine's Church)
Medieval · Cross

Penarth Churchyard Cross (Now in St Augustine's Church)

Wales
Cadw SAM GM227
Period
Medieval
Site type
Cross
Broad class
Religious, Ritual and Funerary
Nation
Wales
Boundary

Scheduled area

© Mapbox · © OpenStreetMap contributors · Boundary data © Cadw

Overview

History & significance

Penarth Churchyard Cross is a medieval cross now preserved within St Augustine's Church in Penarth, Wales. Originally positioned in the churchyard itself, this monument represents a common form of parish marker and focal point that characterised medieval Welsh and English communities. The cross would have served both practical and spiritual functions, anchoring the sacred space of the church precinct and providing a gathering point for parishioners. Such crosses frequently marked the boundary between consecrated ground and secular land.

The monument sits upon Triassic bedrock comprising mudstone, siltstone and sandstone, geological strata that underlie much of the Vale of Glamorgan. These softer rocks, laid down over 200 million years ago in ancient desert conditions, form the foundation of the Penarth peninsula and have long influenced settlement patterns and land use in the area. The stone from which the cross was fashioned would likely have been sourced from local or regional quarries exploiting these deposits.

The cross is now protected by Cadw, the Welsh heritage organisation, under the reference GM227. Its relocation indoors reflects modern conservation practice, preserving this important medieval monument from the erosive effects of weathering whilst maintaining public access and community connection to Penarth's ecclesiastical heritage.

Penarth Churchyard Cross (Now in St Augustine's Church) is a scheduled monument protected by Cadw under reference GM227. View the official record →

About this monument

Questions & answers

What is Penarth Churchyard Cross (Now in St Augustine's Church)?

Penarth Churchyard Cross is a medieval cross now preserved within St Augustine's Church in Penarth, Wales. It is designated a Scheduled Ancient Monument by Cadw under reference GM227.

What period does Penarth Churchyard Cross (Now in St Augustine's Church) date from?

Penarth Churchyard Cross (Now in St Augustine's Church) dates from the medieval period, and is classified as a cross. It is one of over 32,000 scheduled monuments protected across the UK.

Who is responsible for protecting Penarth Churchyard Cross (Now in St Augustine's Church)?

Penarth Churchyard Cross (Now in St Augustine's Church) is a Scheduled Ancient Monument, legally protected by Cadw — the body responsible for designating and safeguarding heritage sites in Wales. The official designation reference is GM227.

What other scheduled monuments are near Penarth Churchyard Cross (Now in St Augustine's Church)?

Several scheduled monuments lie within 10 km, including Cogan Deserted Medieval Village (2.7 km), Romano-British Farmstead, Dinas Powys Common (3.9 km), Anti-aircraft and Coastal Battery West of Lavernock Point (4.4 km).

Unlimited access

Everything a full report reveals about Penarth Churchyard Cross (Now in St Augustine's Church)

This page is just one thread. A full Aubrey report pulls together 13 strands of Penarth Churchyard Cross (Now in St Augustine's Church)'s history, each drawn from the record and mapped to the exact spot:

Overview
An interactive map of the location with every monument and battle plotted, and a plain-language history built only from what the record holds.
Monuments
The legally protected scheduled monuments around the location, each with its period, type and significance.
Battlefields
The battles and sieges fought on this ground, mapped and set on a timeline of the wider conflict.
Roman Britain
The Roman roads, forts and towns near here, and the Iron Age people who held the land before Rome arrived.
Civil War
The Civil War fighting, garrisons and recorded militaria in this area, woven into the arc of 1642 to 1651.
Geology
The bedrock beneath the site, its age and rock type, reaching back hundreds of millions of years.
Local Names
What the street and field names around here actually mean, and the history buried inside them.
Historical Maps
Ordnance Survey maps from the 1800s, layered over the location as it stands today.
Literature
The books, county histories, charters and archives that mention this place, quoted with their sources.
Legal
The protected sites nearby and the metal-detecting, access and treasure laws that apply to this ground.
Spotlight
A deep dive into the most remarkable, lesser-known history of the place, traced back to the record.
Target Zones
For detectorists: the most promising ground to search nearby, ranked by confidence, with what to expect.
Timeline
The whole story of the location told era by era, from prehistory to the present day.
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The ground beneath

The bedrock under Penarth Churchyard Cross (Now in St Augustine's Church)

Penarth Churchyard Cross (Now in St Augustine's Church) stands on Triassic Rocks (Undifferentiated), bedrock that formed in the Triassic. The rock here is mudstone, siltstone and sandstone.