Scheduled MonumentsNorthern IrelandLarneThe mass rock, headless cross, headless cross, the priest's grave. cross-incised boulder - penal altar
POST-MED · PENAL SITE

The mass rock, headless cross, headless cross, the priest's grave. cross-incised boulder - penal altar

Larne, Northern Ireland
NISMR MonID 2403
Period
POST-MED
Site type
PENAL SITE
Nation
Northern Ireland
The designation
Reference
NISMR MonID 2403
Authority
DfC Northern Ireland (NISMR)
Grid reference
D3240708016
Boundary

Scheduled area

© Mapbox · © OpenStreetMap contributors · Boundary data © DfC Northern Ireland (NISMR)

Overview

History & significance

The Mass Rock, Larne is a post-medieval penal site consisting of a cross-incised boulder and associated monuments. Located in Larne, County Antrim, the site comprises a headless cross, the Priest's Grave, and what local tradition identifies as a penal altar. These elements mark a place where Catholic worship took place in secret during the period of religious prohibition, when priests were outlawed and public Catholic practice was forbidden under penal legislation.

The main feature is a boulder bearing an incised cross, situated on bedrock composed of Palaeogene extrusive rocks, the mafic lavas and tuffs that form the distinctive geology of this part of County Antrim. The headless cross and associated monuments reflect the clandestine nature of Catholic religious observance, where permanent structures were kept deliberately simple and easily concealed or destroyed if discovered by authorities.

The Mass Rock survives as a testament to the resilience of Catholic communities in Ulster during the penal period. The site is protected as a monument of historical significance by the Historic Environment Division of the Department for Communities, Northern Ireland, under reference number HB 2403. Such sites across Ireland mark locations where the faithful gathered at considerable personal risk to participate in the sacraments.

The mass rock, headless cross, headless cross, the priest's grave. cross-incised boulder - penal altar is a scheduled monument protected by Department for Communities NI under reference 2403. View the official record →

About this monument

Questions & answers

What is The mass rock, headless cross, headless cross, the priest's grave. cross-incised boulder - penal altar?

The Mass Rock, Larne is a post-medieval penal site consisting of a cross-incised boulder and associated monuments. It is designated a Scheduled Ancient Monument by DfC Northern Ireland (NISMR) under reference 2403.

What period does The mass rock, headless cross, headless cross, the priest's grave. cross-incised boulder - penal altar date from?

The mass rock, headless cross, headless cross, the priest's grave. cross-incised boulder - penal altar dates from the post-med period, and is classified as a penal site. It is one of over 32,000 scheduled monuments protected across the UK.

Who is responsible for protecting The mass rock, headless cross, headless cross, the priest's grave. cross-incised boulder - penal altar?

The mass rock, headless cross, headless cross, the priest's grave. cross-incised boulder - penal altar is a Scheduled Ancient Monument, legally protected by DfC Northern Ireland (NISMR) — the body responsible for designating and safeguarding heritage sites in Ni. The official designation reference is 2403.

What other scheduled monuments are near The mass rock, headless cross, headless cross, the priest's grave. cross-incised boulder - penal altar?

Several scheduled monuments lie within 10 km, including Mounds (2) and neolithic & bronze age pottery and flint scatters (5.8 km), Findspot of flint and pottery (6.1 km), Motte (6.3 km).

Unlimited access

Everything a full report reveals about The mass rock, headless cross, headless cross, the priest's grave. cross-incised boulder - penal altar

This page is just one thread. A full Aubrey report pulls together 14 strands of The mass rock, headless cross, headless cross, the priest's grave. cross-incised boulder - penal altar's history, each drawn from the record and mapped to the exact spot:

Overview
An interactive map of the location with every monument and battle plotted, and a plain-language history built only from what the record holds.
Monuments
The legally protected scheduled monuments around the location, each with its period, type and significance.
Battlefields
The battles and sieges fought on this ground, mapped and set on a timeline of the wider conflict.
Roman World
Ireland was never conquered by Rome, so this traces the island's Iron Age kingdoms and its contact with the Roman world.
Historic Records
The 19th-century records of this place: valuations, Ordnance Survey memoirs and topographical accounts.
Civil War
The Civil War fighting, garrisons and recorded militaria in this area, woven into the arc of 1642 to 1651.
Geology
The bedrock beneath the site, its age and rock type, reaching back hundreds of millions of years.
Local Names
What the street and field names around here actually mean, and the history buried inside them.
Historical Maps
Ordnance Survey maps from the 1800s, layered over the location as it stands today.
Literature
The books, county histories, charters and archives that mention this place, quoted with their sources.
Legal
The protected sites nearby and the metal-detecting, access and treasure laws that apply to this ground.
Spotlight
A deep dive into the most remarkable, lesser-known history of the place, traced back to the record.
Target Zones
For detectorists: the most promising ground to search nearby, ranked by confidence, with what to expect.
Timeline
The whole story of the location told era by era, from prehistory to the present day.
First month just £4.99, then £9.99 a month. Unlimited locations, cancel anytime.

Every location is different. Not every section appears for every place, only what the historical record actually holds turns up in a report.

Start your The mass rock, headless cross, headless cross, the priest's grave. cross-incised boulder - penal altar report
Or see a real report first
The ground beneath

The bedrock under The mass rock, headless cross, headless cross, the priest's grave. cross-incised boulder - penal altar

The mass rock, headless cross, headless cross, the priest's grave. cross-incised boulder - penal altar stands on Unnamed Extrusive Rocks, Palaeogene, bedrock that formed in the Paleogene. The rock here is mafic lava and mafic tuff.