Roman BritainBurrium
Roman Fort · Military

Burrium

Roman Britain
Pleiades ID: 79360
Site type
Fort
Category
Military
Latitude
51.7039
Longitude
-2.9025
Overview

History & context

Burrium was a major Roman legionary fortress established c. AD 55–57 under Quintus Veranius or Suetonius Paulinus, serving as the base of Legio II Augusta during the campaigns against the Silures of southeast Wales. Covering roughly 19 hectares (around 48 acres), it was the legion's principal headquarters until c. AD 74–75, when operations shifted to the new fortress at Isca (Caerleon), after which Burrium was retained as a smaller works depot and supply base into the early 2nd century.

Source: Pleiades — A Community-Built Gazetteer and Graph of Ancient Places. View the Pleiades record →

Significance

Historical significance

As the forward legionary base for the conquest of Wales, Burrium was the strategic hinge of Roman military operations in the southwest of the province before Caerleon superseded it. Its retention as a manufacturing and supply centre after the legion moved suggests a continuing logistical role supporting Isca and the Welsh frontier garrisons.

Archaeology

Archaeological record

Extensive excavations by W. H. Manning and others from the 1960s onward (beneath the modern town of Usk) have revealed timber barracks, granaries, workshops, defensive ditches, and notable evidence of metalworking, including ironworking debris and a large assemblage of military equipment and tools. Finds of pottery, coins, and a substantial early Flavian artefact group have made Burrium an important type-site for mid-1st-century Roman military material culture in Britain.

About this site

Questions & answers

What is Burrium?

Burrium was a major Roman legionary fortress established c. It is recorded in the Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places as a fort site from the Roman period in Britain.

What type of Roman site is Burrium?

Burrium is classified as a Roman fort — a military site in the Pleiades ancient world gazetteer. Roman Britain's archaeology encompasses thousands of sites ranging from legionary fortresses and marching camps to villas, temples and towns.

What other Roman sites are near Burrium?

Several Roman sites lie within a short distance, including Great Bulmore (9.6 km), Isca Silurum (11 km), Caerleon Roman amphitheatre (11.3 km). Aubrey Research maps over 2,200 Roman sites across Britain, drawn from the Pleiades ancient world gazetteer.

How can I research the history of the area around Burrium?

Aubrey Research generates detailed historical reports for any location in Britain, incorporating Roman heritage, Domesday Book records, scheduled monument data, archaeological finds and much more. Enter a nearby address to begin.

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