Roman BritainVerulamium
Roman Settlement · Civilian

Verulamium

Roman Britain
Pleiades ID: 79739
Site type
Settlement
Category
Civilian
Latitude
51.7520
Longitude
-0.3585
Overview

History & context

Verulamium was one of the largest Roman towns in Britain, occupying around 200 acres on the River Ver southwest of modern St Albans. Founded on or near the pre-Roman oppidum of the Catuvellauni, it developed rapidly after the conquest of AD 43, was sacked by Boudica in AD 60/61, and flourished through the 2nd–4th centuries before contracting in the early 5th century. It held the rank of municipium, probably from the Flavian period, granting its leading inhabitants Latin rights.

Source: Pleiades — A Community-Built Gazetteer and Graph of Ancient Places. View the Pleiades record →

Significance

Historical significance

Verulamium was a major administrative and economic centre, the only town in Britain explicitly attested by Tacitus as a municipium, and lay on Watling Street, the main route from London to the northwest. It was also the reputed site of the martyrdom of St Alban, Britain's first Christian martyr, traditionally in the 3rd or early 4th century, lending it lasting religious significance.

Archaeology

Archaeological record

Extensive excavations by Mortimer Wheeler in the 1930s and Sheppard Frere in the 1950s–60s revealed the forum-basilica (with its dedicatory inscription of AD 79 naming Agricola), a theatre (the only known Romano-British example of its type), town walls, gates, town houses with mosaics and painted wall plaster, and evidence of the Boudican destruction layer. Finds including a substantial 4th-century town house with a hypocaust and the famous "shell" mosa

About this site

Questions & answers

What is Verulamium?

Verulamium was one of the largest Roman towns in Britain, occupying around 200 acres on the River Ver southwest of modern St Albans. It is recorded in the Pleiades gazetteer of ancient places as a settlement site from the Roman period in Britain.

What type of Roman site is Verulamium?

Verulamium is classified as a Roman settlement — a civilian site in the Pleiades ancient world gazetteer. Roman Britain's archaeology encompasses thousands of sites ranging from legionary fortresses and marching camps to villas, temples and towns.

What other Roman sites are near Verulamium?

Several Roman sites lie within a short distance, including Verulamium Roman theater (0.2 km), Verulamium, part of wall and ditch of Roman city (0.7 km), Gorhambury Ancient Site (1.7 km). Aubrey Research maps over 2,200 Roman sites across Britain, drawn from the Pleiades ancient world gazetteer.

How can I research the history of the area around Verulamium?

Aubrey Research generates detailed historical reports for any location in Britain, incorporating Roman heritage, Domesday Book records, scheduled monument data, archaeological finds and much more. Enter a nearby address to begin.

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