At a council of war at Holyroodhouse in late October 1745, Prince Charles and his chiefs debated whether to march into England. Lord George Murray and many chiefs were doubtful — English support was uncertain and government forces were converging. Charles argued passionately for the march, promising that English Jacobites and a French landing would materialise. The council voted to advance. The army crossed the Tweed on 8 November 1745, entering England. This decision — which proved fatally optimistic — was the turning point that led to Derby and the eventual retreat. Without the English march, the Jacobites might have consolidated in Scotland.
Jacobite army council; decision-making body
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