In June 1559 the Protestant Lords of the Congregation and the French-backed government forces under Mary of Guise confronted each other at Cupar Muir in Fife. The two armies faced each other for several days without fighting before a truce was arranged. The confrontation showed the balance of military power in Scotland that summer — neither side was strong enough to risk battle. It was a defining moment in the early Reformation crisis and prompted Elizabeth I to consider intervention.
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