The Northern Rising of 1569 — the most serious Tudor rebellion after the Pilgrimage of Grace — began when the Earls of Northumberland and Westmorland unfurled the banner of the Five Wounds of Christ (the same symbol used in the Pilgrimage of Grace) at Topcliffe. The rebellion sought to free Mary Queen of Scots and restore Catholicism. The muster demonstrated the continuing power of the old northern nobility but also its inability to translate numbers into military effectiveness.
Aubrey generates in-depth historical research for any location in Britain — drawing on Domesday records, scheduled monuments, Victorian OS maps, geological data and archaeological archives to tell the full story of a place.
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