After expelling Guthfrith from York, Athelstan met with the northern rulers at Penrith (near the Eamont Bridge) to receive formal submissions. Constantine II of Scotland, Owain of Strathclyde, and Hywel Dda of Deheubarth all submitted. The meeting confirmed English supremacy over the whole island of Britain, with all petty kings acknowledging Athelstan as overlord. He subsequently used the titles King of the English and Emperor of all Britain.
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