The kingdom of Gwent occupied modern Monmouthshire and had been fighting Mercian expansion since the seventh century. Despite heavy pressure, Gwent maintained its independence longer than any other border Welsh kingdom. Ine of Wessex and Aethelbald of Mercia both pressed westward in this period. The Gwent kings used a combination of military resistance and diplomatic accommodation to survive. This entry represents the sustained Gwent-Mercia border conflict of the early eighth century.
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