BattlefieldsSiege of Roxburgh Castle 1460
Medieval

Siege of Roxburgh Castle 1460

1460
Roxburghshire, Scotland
Also known as: Death of James II at Roxburgh · James II killed by cannon
Era
Medieval
Battle Type
Siege
Location
Roxburghshire, Scotland
Status
Unregistered
The Combatants

Who Fought

Defeated
English garrison
Forces
c. 600–1,000 English garrison (siege w/ artillery)
VS
Victor
Scotland (James III — castle taken after king's death)
Forces
c. 2,500–4,000 Scots
Outcome
James II killed by exploding cannon; Roxburgh Castle eventually taken and demolished
The Battle

History & Significance

James II was besieging Roxburgh Castle — still in English hands — when one of his own siege cannons exploded and a fragment killed him instantly. He was only 30. Despite losing their king, the Scottish army continued the siege under Queen Mary of Guelders; the castle fell and was demolished. James II's death highlighted the dangers of the new gunpowder weapons he enthusiastically collected — he had also blown up several other cannons. Roxburgh's demolition ended its long history as a contested border fortress.

Casualties & Losses

James II killed by cannon explosion

Questions & Answers

Frequently Asked Questions

Aubrey Research

Explore the landscape around Roxburghshire

Aubrey generates in-depth historical research for any location in Britain — drawing on Domesday records, scheduled monuments, Victorian OS maps, geological data and archaeological archives to tell the full story of a place.

Research a location near Roxburghshire