The period 1684-1685 was the height of the Killing Time in Scotland when government forces conducted intensive operations against Covenanting holdouts in the southwest. Claverhouse led multiple sweeps through Ayrshire searching for Covenanting outlaws, those refusing to swear oaths, and armed field preachers. Summary executions were carried out in the field. The terror of these operations broke most organised Covenanting resistance in Ayrshire.
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