After the defeat at Falkirk, Wallace conducted a scorched-earth retreat northward, burning the towns and provisions of Perth and Stirling to deny them to Edward I's advancing army. The burned-provision strategy forced Edward to curtail his pursuit and withdraw to winter quarters without being able to exploit his tactical victory into a strategic reconquest. Wallace's retreat, though a product of defeat, demonstrated his understanding that denying supplies could achieve strategic effects that the broken Scottish army could not.
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