Scheduled MonumentsWalesCastell Nos
Medieval · Motte

Castell Nos

Wales
Cadw SAM GM408
Period
Medieval
Site type
Motte
Broad class
Defence
Nation
Wales
The designation
Reference
Cadw SAM GM408
Authority
Cadw
Designated
1979-07-24
Boundary

Scheduled area

© Mapbox · © OpenStreetMap contributors · Boundary data © Cadw

Overview

History & significance

Castell Nos is a medieval motte located in Wales and protected as a scheduled ancient monument by Cadw under reference GM408. The earthwork sits on bedrock of the South Wales Upper Coal Measures Formation, a sequence of mudstone, siltstone, sandstone, coal, ironstone and ferricrete deposited during the Westphalian period of the Carboniferous. This substantial geological foundation provided the medieval builders with a naturally elevated base upon which to construct their defensive work.

The motte represents a common form of Norman and post-Conquest fortification found across Wales and the English border region. Such earthwork castles typically comprised a raised mound crowned by timber or stone structures, surrounded by defensive ditches and palisades. The site's location within the coal-bearing geology of South Wales places it in a landscape shaped by ancient swamp forests and tidal flats, long since transformed into the industrial heartland of Wales.

Today, Castell Nos survives as an earthwork monument bearing witness to medieval patterns of settlement and control. Its preservation under Cadw's guardianship ensures that this record of medieval Welsh fortification remains protected for future study and public understanding of Wales' architectural heritage.

Castell Nos is a scheduled monument protected by Cadw under reference GM408. View the official record →

About this monument

Questions & answers

What is Castell Nos?

Castell Nos is a medieval motte located in Wales and protected as a scheduled ancient monument by Cadw under reference GM408.

What period does Castell Nos date from?

Castell Nos dates from the medieval period, and is classified as a motte. It is one of over 32,000 scheduled monuments protected across the UK.

Who is responsible for protecting Castell Nos?

Castell Nos is a Scheduled Ancient Monument, legally protected by Cadw — the body responsible for designating and safeguarding heritage sites in Wales. The official designation reference is GM408.

What other scheduled monuments are near Castell Nos?

Several scheduled monuments lie within 10 km, including Tarren Maerdy cairn (E) (3.5 km), Mynydd Maendy Hillfort (4.7 km), Mynydd Ty'n-tyle cairns (4.8 km).

Unlimited access

Everything a full report reveals about Castell Nos

This page is just one thread. A full Aubrey report pulls together 13 strands of Castell Nos's history, each drawn from the record and mapped to the exact spot:

Overview
An interactive map of the location with every monument and battle plotted, and a plain-language history built only from what the record holds.
Monuments
The legally protected scheduled monuments around the location, each with its period, type and significance.
Battlefields
The battles and sieges fought on this ground, mapped and set on a timeline of the wider conflict.
Roman Britain
The Roman roads, forts and towns near here, and the Iron Age people who held the land before Rome arrived.
Civil War
The Civil War fighting, garrisons and recorded militaria in this area, woven into the arc of 1642 to 1651.
Geology
The bedrock beneath the site, its age and rock type, reaching back hundreds of millions of years.
Local Names
What the street and field names around here actually mean, and the history buried inside them.
Historical Maps
Ordnance Survey maps from the 1800s, layered over the location as it stands today.
Literature
The books, county histories, charters and archives that mention this place, quoted with their sources.
Legal
The protected sites nearby and the metal-detecting, access and treasure laws that apply to this ground.
Spotlight
A deep dive into the most remarkable, lesser-known history of the place, traced back to the record.
Target Zones
For detectorists: the most promising ground to search nearby, ranked by confidence, with what to expect.
Timeline
The whole story of the location told era by era, from prehistory to the present day.
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Every location is different. Not every section appears for every place, only what the historical record actually holds turns up in a report.

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The ground beneath

The bedrock under Castell Nos

Castell Nos stands on South Wales Upper Coal Measures Formation, bedrock that formed in the Westphalian. The rock here is mudstone, siltstone, sandstone, coal, ironstone and ferricrete.

The wider landscape

Around Castell Nos

Caerphilly CastleArchaeological site · ~14.4 miles