Caratacus, who had led British resistance since the Roman invasion of 43 AD, made his final stand somewhere in the Ordovician heartland (likely mid-Wales or the Welsh borders). He chose a steep hillside overlooking a river crossing. Despite the strong position, Roman discipline prevailed. Caratacus fled to Queen Cartimandua of the Brigantes, who betrayed him to Rome. His speech before Emperor Claudius, recorded by Tacitus, is one of antiquity's great rhetorical set-pieces. The exact site is disputed — several hills in Shropshire and mid-Wales are candidates.
Caratacus's family captured; heavy Welsh losses
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