Prince Henry finally reduced Harlech Castle in 1408 after the inconclusive 1407 siege. English artillery including the bombard Messenger battered the walls while a naval blockade cut off sea supply. The constable Rhys Ddu surrendered in the spring of 1408. The fall of Harlech, combined with the recovery of Aberystwyth, destroyed Glyndwr s conventional power base and forced him into permanent guerrilla warfare.
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