BattlefieldsBattle at Chippenham (878) — Viking seizure
Early Medieval

Battle at Chippenham (878) — Viking seizure

878
Wiltshire, England
Also known as: Guthrum's surprise attack on Chippenham
Era
Early Medieval
Battle Type
Skirmish
Location
Wiltshire, England
Status
Unregistered
The Combatants

Who Fought

Defeated
Alfred of Wessex
Forces
Wessex garrison c.200–400; surprise assault
VS
Victor
Guthrum (Danish Great Army)
Forces
Guthrum c.2000–3000
Outcome
Alfred driven into hiding; Guthrum occupied Chippenham and much of Wessex
The Battle

History & Significance

Guthrum's surprise attack at Twelfth Night (January 6) 878 on Alfred's royal residence at Chippenham was the lowest point of Alfred's reign. Alfred, caught completely off-guard, fled with a small retinue into the Somerset marshes. Much of the West Saxon nobility submitted to Guthrum. The attack on the Christmas feasting period — a sacred truce time — was a deliberate violation designed to maximise shock. It almost succeeded in permanently destroying Wessex.

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