The Restoration of Charles II in 1660 was accompanied in Scotland by the reimposition of episcopacy on the Scottish Church in 1661. This settlement, which the Covenanters regarded as a direct assault on the Presbyterian church order, provoked the series of conventicle movements and armed uprisings that culminated in the Revolution of 1688. The initial Restoration settlement in Edinburgh was the political act that set in motion the entire Covenanting war of the 1660s-1680s.
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