The climax of the Scottish Reformation crisis. An English army of 8,000 men under Lord Grey joined the Protestant lords to besiege the French garrison at Leith. The French held the strongly fortified port despite repeated English assaults including a disastrous frontal attack in May 1560 that cost the English 1,000 men. Mary of Guise died in Edinburgh Castle during the siege. The Treaty of Edinburgh in July 1560 ended the siege, withdrew French troops, and established Protestant government in Scotland.
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